Complex Emergencies in Africa

 

The Causes of Conflict in Africa
Africa Policy and Economics Department, Department for International Development, March 2001
http://www.dfid.gov.uk/Pubs/files/conflict_africa.pdf

Promoting poverty reduction, peace and stability in the world are key objectives of British Government policy. In July 2000 the Government announced that the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, the Department for International Development and the Ministry of Defence, in association with the Cabinet Office and HM Treasury, would work more closely together to improve the effectiveness of Britain’s contribution to peace keeping, conflict prevention and conflict management in Sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere in the world. This draft paper examines the causes and consequences of conflict in Africa. Its aim is to stimulate discussion and contribute to Britain’s longer term policy on tackling Conflict in Africa.

 

Sierra Leone Diamond Policy Study
Department for International Development January 2002
http://www.dfid.gov.uk/Pubs/files/sierra_leone_diamond.pdf

In Sierra Leone there has been a long history of diamond mining, which was once the mainstay of the economy. However from the late 1970s onwards the diamond trade became increasingly dysfunctional and dominated by corrupt practice and poor policy. By the 1990s, the diamond industry had not only ceased to serve the needs of the country but had become a motor for its destabilisation and collapse into civil war.

 

The Causes of Conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa
Department for International Development, January 2001
http://www.dfid.gov.uk/Pubs/files/conflict_subsaharanafrica.pdf

There is of course no single correct view of the causes of conflict, in Africa or elsewhere. Each conflict has its own unique set of circumstances and causes. But there are patterns of conflict in different regions and historical eras. The challenge is to improve our understanding and to translate this into more effective action to prevent and reduce conflict.

 

Sierra Leone: "Conflict" Diamonds -- Progress Report On Diamond Policy And Development Program. 
USAID/Office of Transition Initiatives. March 30, 2001.
http://www.dec.org/pdf_docs/pdabt690.pdf

 

Future Directions for USAID Support to Conflict Mitigation in Nigeria. ARD, Inc. July 12, 2001.
http://www.dec.org/pdf_docs/pnacm321.pdf

 

Transition in the Democratic Republic of the Congo : opportunities and pitfalls -- Congo assessment team report. 
Mahdesian, Michael; Gambino, Anthony; et al. August 1997.
http://www.dec.org/partners/dexs_public/content.cfm?Rec_no=97633

 

Poverty vs. conflict: understanding Africa's wars
Luckham, Robin; Institute of Development Studies; University of Brighton, UK, November 2001
http://www.id21.org/society/s10brl1g2.html

Introduction:
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) stands out from other developing regions by the sheer number of conflicts and the massive impact on lives and livelihoods. In SSA, as the distinction between criminal and political violence becomes ever more blurred, has armed conflict become the major determinant of poverty? If so, what can be done?

 

Links

(* Courtesy of John Davies)

*Africa Journal
www.ibb.gov/worldnet/afjournl.html

Public affairs “call-in” television program broadcast throughout the African continent. Each week top news makers, experts and interested viewers discuss the critical issues and events shaping Africa’s political, economic and social landscape.



*Africa Policy Information Center (APIC)
www.africapolicy.org

Excellent links for searching web resources on democracy and human rights, and regional pages with comprehensive links to country-specific sites.

 

*African Index
www.africaindex.africainfo.no

Over 2000 links sorted by country, subject and news, created by the Norwegian Council for Africa. It includes “Africa Update” with daily news briefing from African news sources.

 

*All-Africa Global Media
http://allafrica.com

Greatest volume of up-to-date news on the continent.

 

*CIA World Factbook
www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook

Annually updated country information covering geography, people, economy, government, infrastructure and map.

 

*Colorado Conflict Research Consortium CRC)
www.colorado.edu/conflict

Extensive number of working papers on-line on a wide array of conflict issues, and comprehensive gateway to relevant organizations in the US and abroad.

 

*Conflict Watch-Africa, Inter Press Service
www.ips.org (under “critical issues”)

Joint initiative with Third World Network to share information on potential and actual conflicts, among organizations working in Africa to aid conflict prevention and peace building. Briefings, news reports and related papers on current conflicts in Africa draw on IPS, NGOs and other civil society sources. Current issues are available on-line; past issues need subscription.

 

Conflict Prevention Web
http://www.caii-dc.com/ghai/

Dedicated to building a knowledge base on conflict prevention tools and strategies

 

*Contemporary Conflicts in Africa
www.synapse.net/~acdi20/

Provides links to wide range of IOs and NGOs providing information and services on current conflicts, conflict prevention, refugees, arms control, peace initiatives, country profiles, maps, and other conflict related data listed by country (from the Canadian Development Agency).

 

*Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
www.focusintl.com/whos0004.htm and www.ecowas.int

Lists member states and decribes ECOWAS projects and institutions.

 

*Expediamaps
www.expediamaps.com

Provides maps for any area of the world.

 

*Initiative on Conflict Resolution and Ethnicity (INCORE)
www.incore.ulst.ac.uk

INCORE’s Conflict Data Service provides country reports and an ethnic conflict digest on areas of major conflict globally, as well as information on relevant peace agreements, recent research, training resources and organizations. The Policy and Evaluation Unit also provides resources for policy makers regarding options for managing conflict.

 

*Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN), UNOCHA
www.reliefweb.int/IRIN

Internet-based system to provide information on emergency situations in Africa and Central Asia from diverse sources-`, including daily updates and weekly roundups, extra reports, maps, graphics, and policy recommendations.

 

*Minorities at Risk Project, University of Maryland
www.bsos.umd.edu/cidcm

Detailed profiles of 275 minority groups considered politically significant (based on relative size and risk levels), along with chronologies (1990–2000, updated periodically). See also below for risk assessments and detailed indicator data.

 

*Minority Rights Group International
www.minorityrights.org

Profiles minority groups globally, monitors good and bad practices toward minorities, aids in capacity building including in Horn and Great Lakes—published directory, special reports and newsletter.

 

*One World Online
www.oneworld.org

Partnership of over 250 organizations working for human rights and sustainable development. Useful site for information and addresses on specific NGOs.

 

*ReliefWeb, UNOCHA (UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs)
www.reliefweb.int

Internet-based information management system on current complex emergencies, including broad array of country background profiles, maps, and current situational and analytical information from IOs, NGOs, governments, universities and news sources. Aims to support humanitarian relief operations directly and through raising public awareness.

 

*United Nations University (UNU)
www.inweh.unu.edu/unuinweh/mappage.htm

Maps, databases and images of countries and regions of the world.

 

*US Institute of Peace
www.usip.org

“Africa In Depth” page provides special reports, many based on USIP fact finding missions. Annotated regional and country specific web links by topic including government agencies, international organizations, maps and guides, media and news sources, peace agreements and political resources.

 

*University of Pennsylvania African Studies
www.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/z/AS.html

Comprehensive academic site on Africa and African Studies, with background information and links by country, with additional reports for East Africa.

 

*US Agency for International Development (USAID)
http://198.76.84.1/regions/afr

Country profiles of most states in East and Central Africa. Gives access to other sources and websites for current events and situation reports; politics and society; population, health and nutrition; food, agriculture and markets; infrastructure and logistics; and vulnerability and preparedness.

 

 

 

 

 

 

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